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The Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU; (フランス語:Union Interparlementaire (UIP))) is a global inter-parliamentary institution established in 1889 by Frédéric Passy (France) and William Randal Cremer (United Kingdom). It was the first permanent forum for political multilateral negotiations. Initially, the organization was for individual parliamentarians, but has since transformed into an international organization of the parliaments of sovereign states. The national parliaments of 163 countries are members of the IPU, and 10 regional parliamentary assemblies are associate members.〔(Members of the Union ) at IPU official website〕 The IPU has permanent observer status at the United Nations and general consultative status with the Economic and Social Council. ==History== Eight leading personalities of the IPU have received Nobel Peace Prizes: *1901: Frédéric Passy (France) *1902: Charles Albert Gobat (Switzerland) *1903: Randal Cremer (United Kingdom) *1908: Fredrik Bajer (Denmark) *1909: Auguste Marie François Beernaert (Belgium) *1913: Henri La Fontaine (Belgium) *1921: Christian Lange (Norway) *1927: Ferdinand Buisson (France) The organisation's initial objective was the arbitration of conflicts. The IPU played an important part in setting up the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague. Over time, its mission has evolved towards the promotion of democracy and inter-parliamentary dialogue. The IPU has worked for establishment of institutions at the inter-governmental level, including the United Nations, an organization with which it cooperates and with which it has permanent observer status. Numerous bodies have expressed interest in the possibility of transforming the IPU into a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly, among them the Committee for a Democratic UN, the German Bundestag and the Socialist International. The Liberal International also considers this as an option. The headquarters of the union have been moved several times since its inception. Locations: *1892–1911: Bern (Switzerland) *1911–1914: Brussels (Belgium) *1914–1920: Oslo (Norway) *1921 – permanent in Geneva (Switzerland) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Inter-Parliamentary Union」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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